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2004 President · MI

Zogby Analytics · fieldwork ended 2004-10-27 (6 days before the election) · 601 respondents · Live Phone

The poll said

Democrat 45% · Republican 47%

R+2.0

The certified result

Democrat 51.23% · Republican 47.81%

D+3.4

The arithmetic

  1. Poll margin = 45 − 47 = -2.00
  2. Actual margin = 51.231 − 47.812 = 3.419
  3. Signed miss = -2.00 − (3.419) = -5.419
  4. Absolute miss = |-5.419| = 5.419

The poll overstated the Republican by 5.4 points and had the wrong leader.

Where these numbers come from

Poll and result: 538 raw_polls.csv. Poll ID 4437, race ID 777 (538 database).